metasurface-mediated graphene photodetector with artificial bulk photovoltaic effect
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Zero-bias mid-infrared graphene photodetectors with bulk photoresponse and calibration-free polarization detection
Jingxuan Wei, Ying Li, Lin Wang, Wugang Liao, Bowei Dong, Cheng Xu, Chunxiang Zhu, Kah-Wee Ang, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Chengkuo Lee
Research context
Abstract Bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), featuring polarization-dependent uniform photoresponse at zero external bias, holds potential for exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit in the efficiency of existing opto-electronic devices. However, the implementation of BPVE has been limited to the naturally existing materials with broken inversion symmetry, such as ferroelectrics, which suffer low efficiencies. Here, we propose metasurface-mediated graphene photodetectors with cascaded polarization-sensitive photoresponse under uniform illumination, mimicking an artificial BPVE. With the assistance of non-centrosymmetric metallic nanoantennas, the hot photocarriers in graphene gain a momentum upon their excitation and form a shift current which is nonlocal and directional. Thereafter, we demonstrate zero-bias uncooled mid-infrared photodetectors with three orders higher responsivity than conventional BPVE and a noise equivalent power of 0.12 nW Hz−1/2. Besides, we observe a vectorial photoresponse which allows us to detect the polarization angle of incident light with a single device. Our strategy opens up alternative possibilities for scalable, low-cost, multifunctional infrared photode
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non-centrosymmetric metallic nanoantennas drive a directional shift current in graphene
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Jingxuan Wei, Ying Li, Lin Wang, Wugang Liao, Bowei Dong, Cheng Xu, Chunxiang Zhu, Kah-Wee Ang, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Chengkuo Lee. Zero-bias mid-infrared graphene photodetectors with bulk photoresponse and calibration-free polarization detection. Nature Communications (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20115-1
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